Hence there is only a single anti-node occurs between them. The fundamental frequency is the smallest frequency in a harmonic. So the waves have harmonic frequency in them. The nodes and antinodes are shown in the below figure. Here one node is positive and other is negative. There are the particles that undergo maximum displacement between two points. So they are referred as points also called nodes. Nodes are the points that appear to be still standing along the medium. In every harmonic, we find two positions, they are nodes and anti nodes. The word “harmonic” is generally used to describe the distortions caused by different un- desirable frequencies called “noise”, of a sine wave. Non – sinusoidal wave forms, like triangular and saw tooth wave forms are constructed by adding together the harmonic frequencies. Harmonics may occur in any shaped wave forms, but mostly they occur in sine waves only. The sound produced by a wave form at its harmonic frequency is very clear, and at other frequencies we get noise, and cannot hear the clear sound of waves. These patterns are created at specific frequencies, they are called “Harmonic Frequencies” or “Harmonics”. At the natural frequency, it forms a standing wave pattern. The forced resonance vibrations of an object are caused to produce standing waves. Harmonic is a frequency, which is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. In other words, the lowest resonating frequency of a vibrating object is called as “Fundamental frequency”. It is defined as the lowest frequency of a periodic waveform. In standing waves we find nodes and antinodes. The super imposed wave is called “Standing wave”. When two progressive waves of the same frequency and amplitude travel through a medium in opposite directions, then they are super imposed. When a wave continuously moves forward in a medium without being reflected at any point in the path, it is called “Progressive wave”. The frequency of the forced vibrations is called “Forced frequency”. When a body is oscillating by applying an external periodic force, the vibrations are called “ Forced vibrations”. The frequency at which the natural vibrations occur is called “Natural frequency”. When a body is vibrating freely without any external forces applied on it, then the vibrations are called “Natural vibrations”. Let’s discuss about the topics Natural frequency and forced frequency. Before learning about harmonics, we should be familier with some of the concepts of wave forms. The term ‘Harmonics’ is related to the fundamental frequency of a waveform.
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